Manifestations of AIDS in the head and neck.

Overview

BACKGROUND: A significant number of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are initially seen with symptoms related to the head and neck. It is becoming increasingly challenging for clinicians to accurately diagnose new lesions, considering the vast array of manifestations of AIDS in this region and their many atypical presentations. A comprehensive review is a valuable clinical tool. METHODS: A MEDLINE search of the English language literature from 1984 to the present was done for this study. RESULTS: Dermatologic, otologic, nose/paranasal sinuses/nasopharynx, oral cavity/oropharynx, laryngeal, and neck manifestations are reviewed. The gross and microscopic appearances of lesions are described, with particular emphasis on various presentations of the same lesion and lesions that may mimic the appearance of others. Practical treatment strategies are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate and early recognition of the many common and uncommon manifestations of AIDS in the head and neck is of critical importance to the timely and effective management of these patients.