Treating obesity: a new target for prevention of coronary heart disease.

Overview

Recognition by the American Heart Association that obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease has prompted health providers to take a more active role in obesity management. Obesity has long been known to accompany a host of chronic diseases, e.g., type II diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. We now recognize that obesity is itself a chronic disease with a complex etiology; like diabetes and hypertension, it is treatable with a similar chronic disease treatment model. Relatively modest weight loss confers disproportionate health benefits, improving a roster of risk factors. Diet, exercise, and behavior modification still compose the gold standard of treatment. If these measures fail, medication and surgery should be considered for appropriate patients. With current techniques, many patients can achieve realistic weight goals that can be maintained over the long term. Published management guidelines can now assist in integrating the practical applications of obesity-related research findings into everyday clinical practice.