Teniposide alone and in combination chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer.

Overview

Teniposide is one of the most active agents against small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In a phase II study, teniposide achieved a 90% response rate in 33 untreated elderly patients. At our institution, teniposide produced a 34% response rate in a group of 44 unselected patients. Pilot studies of combination chemotherapy with teniposide have recently been initiated. A phase II trial with teniposide, vincristine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide in SCLC patients was started, based on demonstration of experimental synergy between these drugs. Chest irradiation was also given to patients with limited disease who responded to chemotherapy, and prophylactic cranial irradiation was given to complete responders (CRs). A response rate of 78% with 22% CRs was achieved in 32 evaluable previously untreated SCLC patients; median durations of response and survival were 252 and 311 days, respectively. Main side effects were myelosuppression, mucositis, and peripheral neuropathy. This teniposide combination chemotherapy compares favorably with other reported active regimens in SCLC. Further trials will determine whether the introduction of teniposide in combination chemotherapy is able to improve the outcome of SCLC.