Histological evaluation of an impacted bone graft substitute composed of a combination of mineralized and demineralized allograft in a sheep vertebral bone defect.
Academic Article
Overview
abstract
Demineralized bone matrix (DBMs) preparations are a potential alternative or supplement to autogenous bone graft, but many DBMs have not been adequately tested in clinically relevant animal models. The aim of current study was to compare the efficacy of a new bone graft substitute composed of a combination of mineralized and demineralized allograft, along with hyaluronic acid (AFT Bone Void Filler) with several other bone graft materials in a sheep vertebral bone void model. A drilled defect in the sheep vertebral body was filled with either the new DBM preparation, calcium sulfate (OsteoSet), autologous bone graft, or left empty. The sheep were euthanized after 6 or 12 weeks, and the defects were examined by histology and quantitative histomorphometry. The morphometry data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with the post hoc Tukey-Kramer test or the Student's t-test. All of the bone defects in the AFT DBM preparation group showed good new bone formation with variable amounts of residual DBM and mineralized bone graft. The DBM preparation group at 12 weeks contained significantly more new bone than the defects treated with calcium sulfate or left empty (respectively, p < 0.05, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the DBM and autograft groups. No adverse inflammatory reactions were associated with any of the three graft materials. The AFT preparation of a mixture of mineralized and demineralized allograft appears to be an effective autograft substitute as tested in this sheep vertebral bone void model.
