A phase 1 study of weekly dosing of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with advanced human epidermal growth factor 2-positive breast cancer.

Overview

BACKGROUND: We conducted a phase 1, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study (TDM3569g) to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single-agent trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) administered weekly and once every 3 weeks in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab. The weekly dose results are described here. METHODS: Patients were administered escalating doses of T-DM1 weekly, starting at 1.2 mg/kg. Additional patients were enrolled at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) to better characterize tolerability and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients received weekly T-DM1, and the MTD was determined to be 2.4 mg/kg. In general, T-DM1 was well tolerated, requiring few dose modifications or discontinuations because of adverse events (AEs). Grade ≥ 3 AEs were reported in 19 patients (67.9%); treatment-related AEs occurred in 25 (89.3%) patients. Exposure to weekly T-DM1 was dose-proportional at ≥ 1.2 mg/kg, and accumulation of T-DM1 and total trastuzumab was observed. Objective partial tumor responses were reported in 13 (46.4%) patients; the median duration of response was 18.6 months, and the 6-month clinical benefit rate was 57.1%. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a weekly dose of T-DM1 2.4 mg/kg has antitumor activity and is well tolerated in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.