The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has steadily increased in the last decade in neonates and infants. Despite the extensive proposed pharmacologic approaches to treat or prevent AKI, renal replacement therapy is the only available therapeutic approach to manage the consequences of significant AKI and maintain electrolyte homeostasis and fluid balance in infants with AKI. The objective of this article is to summarize the different approaches and modalities of renal replacement therapy in neonatal intensive care units.
