Osteoarthritis year in review 2017: updates on imaging advancements.

Overview

OBJECTIVE: This narrative review covers original research publications related to imaging advancements in osteoarthritis (OA) published in the English language between 1^st April 2016 and 30^th April 2017. METHODS: Relevant human studies (excluding pre-clinical and in vitro studies), were searched and selected from PubMed database using the search terms of "osteoarthritis (OA)" in combination with "radiography", "magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)", "computed tomography (CT)", "ultrasound", "positron emission tomography (PET)," "single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)," and "scintigraphy". The included studies were sorted according to their relevance, novelty, and impact. Original research articles with both imaging advancements and novel clinical information were discussed in this review. RESULTS: A large portion of the published studies were focused on MRI-based semi-quantitative and quantitative (morphological and structural) metrics of the knee joint to assess OA-related structural damages. New imaging technologies, such as PET, have been investigated for OA diagnosis and characterization, the delineation of predictive factors for OA progression, and to monitor the treatment responses. CONCLUSION: Advanced imaging modalities play a pivotal role in OA research, and make a significant contribution to our understanding of OA diagnosis, pathogenesis, risk stratification, and prognosis.