Intravesical Electromotive Botulinum Toxin Type A (Dysport) Administration in Children With Myelomeningocele.
Academic Article
Overview
abstract
OBJECTIVE: Electromotive drug administration (EMDA) presents a minimally invasive method of intravesical instillation of therapeutic agents without the need for general anesthesia.1 It employs a combination of iontophoresis, electrophoresis, and electroporation to deliver drugs into deep tissue layers using an electrical current created between 2 electrodes.2 This video shows feasibility of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) EMDA in myelomeningocele children with urinary incontinence secondary to neuropathic detrusor overactivity. METHODS: In this technique (Video 1), catheterization was performed with a 10-Fr (CE-DAS, UROGENICS/Ag 9900 (pediatric), Mirandola, Italy) catheter electrode, after providing a local transurethral anesthesia with 2% lidocaine gel. The cuff of the catheter was filled by 2 cc saline solution. The bladder was then drained and irrigated with 0.9% saline solution until the catheter outflow became clear. The bladder was subsequently filled with sterile water to its maximal capacity. BoNTA (Dysport) at a dose of 10 IU/kg was added to the intravesical solution. Negative electrode as 2 dispersive electrodes was placed on the abdomen. Positive electrode was connected to the intravesical catheter. A pulsed current generator (Physionizer 30, Physion srl, Mirandola, Italy), delivered a current with frequency of 2,800 Hz, interval of 50 µs and amplitude of 10-20 mA for 20 minutes. At the end of the procedure, the bladder was emptied. RESULTS: For the first time, BoNTA/EMDA was performed on myelomeningocele patients with urinary incontinence in our center.3 According to our prior reports, urinary incontinence improved in 75% of the patients between 2 consecutive clean intermittent catheterizations at 1-year follow-up.4 Mean maximal cystometric capacity significantly increased from 148 ± 62 mL at baseline to 239 ± 73 mL 1 year after the treatment.4 CONCLUSION: This technique is a feasible, safe, reproducible, cost effective, long lasting, and pain free method, on an outpatient basis with long-term duration of effects and without anesthesia or cystoscopy procedure.
