Ogilvie's syndrome. Successful management without colonoscopy.

Overview

We reviewed the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of 25 patients with Ogilvie's syndrome (acute colonic pseudoobstruction) at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1982 through 1985. All patients had cancer and severe associated medical problems. Abdominal x-rays uniformly showed cecal distension ranging between 9 and 18 cm. Twenty-four of the 25 patients were treated with conservative nonendoscopic management. One patient had an exploratory laparotomy for prophylactic cecostomy after only one day of conservative therapy. Of the 24 patients treated conservatively, 23 (96%) improved by both clinical and radiologic criteria in a mean of 3.0 days. The remaining patient died of multisystem failure not related to the acute colonic pseudoobstruction. Colonoscopic decompression was not attempted in any of the 25 patients. There were no colonic perforations, and there were no pseudoobstruction-related deaths. This study questions the need for early endoscopic or surgical treatment in cancer patients with acute colonic pseudoobstruction.