Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Review uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Although COVID-19 is most well known for causing substantial respiratory pathology, it can also result in several extrapulmonary manifestations. These conditions include thrombotic complications, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia, acute coronary syndromes, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal symptoms, hepatocellular injury, hyperglycemia and ketosis, neurologic illnesses, ocular symptoms, and dermatologic complications. Given that ACE2, the entry receptor for the causative coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is expressed in multiple extrapulmonary tissues, direct viral tissue damage is a plausible mechanism of injury. In addition, endothelial damage and thromboinflammation, dysregulation of immune responses, and maladaptation of ACE2-related pathways might all contribute to these extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Here we review the extrapulmonary organ-specific pathophysiology, presentations and management considerations for patients with COVID-19 to aid clinicians and scientists in recognizing and monitoring the spectrum of manifestations, and in developing research priorities and therapeutic strategies for all organ systems involved.

publication date

  • July 10, 2020

Research

keywords

  • Betacoronavirus
  • Coronavirus Infections
  • Organ Specificity
  • Pneumonia, Viral

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 85087722992

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/s41591-020-0968-3

PubMed ID

  • 32651579

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 26

issue

  • 7