Anterior decompression of the spine for metastatic epidural cord compression: a promising avenue of therapy?

Overview

Most metastatic epidural tumors arise in a vertebral body and invade the anterior epidural space. Therefore, it is logical to decompress the spine anteriorly and not by traditional laminectomy. Surgical decompression is indicated if relapse occurs after radiotherapy and further radiation cannot be administered, if there is neurological deterioration during radiotherapy, and when histological diagnosis of the primary tumor is lacking. This pilot study consists of eleven consecutive anterior decompressions of the spine performed in nine patients. In seven instances other treatment modalities had been exhausted, and in four patients a tissue diagnosis was lacking. Before operation eight of the patients were nonambulatory, four of them paraplegic. Following decompression all but one patient became ambulatory. At operation the main bulk of the compressing tumor was found anterior or anterolateral to the cord. Spine stabilization was done when stability was a problem. Wound infection in one patient was the only postoperative complication. The encouraging outcome of our management prompts us to suggest that anterior decompression of the spine should be considered more often in metastatic compression of the cord and cauda equina.