cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and bleomycin in the treatment of esophageal carcinomas.

Overview

Forty-seven patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were treated with a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (cis-DDP) and bleomycin by infusion. cis-DDP at a dose of 3 mg/kg with mannitol and prehydration was given on Day 1. On Day 3, bleomycin was started as a 10--15-unit/m2 loading dose followed by a 10--15-unit/m2 24-hour infusion for 4--7 days. Three groups of patients were treated: group 1 (no clinical evidence of metastatic disease) included 25 patients, all with no prior therapy; group 2 (measurable metastatic disease) included 13 patients, eight previously treated with surgery and/or radiation; group 3 (known nonmeasurable metastatic disease) included nine patients, all previously treated with surgery and/or radiation and/or chemotherapy. A second course of therapy was given on Day 28 to groups 2 and 3, and as soon after surgery as possible in group 1. Nineteen percent of patients had complete or partial responses with another 44% having minor regressions. Toxic effects were mainly renal effects, alopecia, nausea and vomiting, and stomatitis. There were two drug-related deaths. The combination of cis-DDP and bleomycin is useful in the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.