The majority of epidermal T cells in Psoriasis vulgaris lesions can produce type 1 cytokines, interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, defining TC1 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and TH1 effector populations: a type 1 differentiation bias is also measured in circulating blood T cells in psoriatic patients. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Psoriasis vulgaris is a skin disease potentially mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by type 1 lesional T cells. The capability of individual T cells to produce these cytokines in lesional skin is not known. In this study we measured the ability of lesional and peripheral blood T cells to produce intracellular interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, and interleukin-10 proteins as detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cytokine synthesis was induced by activation with ionomycin/phorbol myristate acetate (in the presence of Brefeldin A, which inhibits the exocytosis of these cytokines). After stimulation, we found relatively high percentages of epidermal CD8 and CD4 T cells capable of producing interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-2, whereas few T cells, < 11%, expressed interleukin-4 or interleukin-10. Hence both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells are capable of type 1 effector functions (TC1 and TH1, respectively). This activation scheme was repeated on peripheral blood T cells from psoriatic patients versus healthy controls, where we also found a type 1 bias. In order to evaluate quantitatively the type 1 cytokine bias, we compared the frequency of type 2 interleukin-4 producing versus type 1 interferon-gamma producing T cells in our assay and found a shift towards type 1 producing cells. This shift reveals a type 1 differentiation bias in both lesional areas and in the peripheral blood, which may indicate an imbalance within the T cell population, which is contributing to the chronic or sustained immunologic activation of T cells found in this disease.

publication date

  • November 1, 1999

Research

keywords

  • Cytokines
  • Epidermal Cells
  • Psoriasis
  • T-Lymphocytes
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
  • Th1 Cells

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 0032729645

PubMed ID

  • 10571730

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 113

issue

  • 5