Novel inhibitors of mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) is a ubiquinone-linked enzyme in the mitochondrial inner membrane best characterized as part of the glycerol phosphate shuttle that transfers reducing equivalents from cytosolic NADH into the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Despite the widespread expression of mGPDH and the availability of mGPDH-null mice, the physiological role of this enzyme remains poorly defined in many tissues, likely because of compensatory pathways for cytosolic regeneration of NAD⁺ and mechanisms for glycerol phosphate metabolism. Here we describe a novel class of cell-permeant small-molecule inhibitors of mGPDH (iGP) discovered through small-molecule screening. Structure-activity analysis identified a core benzimidazole-phenyl-succinamide structure as being essential to inhibition of mGPDH while modifications to the benzimidazole ring system modulated both potency and off-target effects. Live-cell imaging provided evidence that iGPs penetrate cellular membranes. Two compounds (iGP-1 and iGP-5) were characterized further to determine potency and selectivity and found to be mixed inhibitors with IC₅₀ and K(i) values between ∼1-15 µM. These novel mGPDH inhibitors are unique tools to investigate the role of glycerol 3-phosphate metabolism in both isolated and intact systems.

authors

  • Orr, Adam
  • Ashok, Deepthi
  • Sarantos, Melissa R
  • Ng, Ryan
  • Shi, Tong
  • Gerencser, Akos A
  • Hughes, Robert E
  • Brand, Martin D

publication date

  • February 24, 2014

Research

keywords

  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NAD+)
  • Mitochondrial Membranes

Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC3933693

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 84896075464

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1371/journal.pone.0089938

PubMed ID

  • 24587137

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 9

issue

  • 2