Effects of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty on Body Composition and Metabolism: An InBody Analysis.

Overview

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Despite ESG's efficacy in promoting weight loss, data on its impact on body composition is limited. This study evaluated ESG's effectiveness in improving body composition and metabolic parameters over 6 and 12 months using InBody analysis. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients with obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m² or > 27 with comorbidities) who underwent ESG between August 2021 and May 2024. Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770™). RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (81% female, mean age 47.9 ± 13.4 years, BMI 35.3 ± 5.6 kg/m²) completed baseline assessment. Follow-up rates were 67% at 6 months and 61% at 12 months. ESG produced significant reductions in BMI (4.6 and 4.8 kg/m²) and total body weight loss (13.4% and 13.5%) at both timepoints (p < 0.001). Body fat percentage decreased by 4.7% at 6 months, with truncal fat loss of 4.0 kg comprising 32% of total weight loss. These improvements persisted at 12 months (p < 0.01). While skeletal muscle mass also declined, muscle loss represented only 13-17% of total weight loss. DISCUSSION: ESG achieves substantial weight loss with preferential fat reduction and favorable preservation of lean body mass over 12 months, supporting its role in improving metabolic health.