Mucosal-associated invariant and γδ T cell subsets respond to initial Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Innate immune responses that control early Mtb infection are poorly understood, but understanding these responses may inform vaccination and immunotherapy strategies. Innate T cells that respond to conserved bacterial ligands such as mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) and γδ T cells are prime candidates to mediate these early innate responses but have not been examined in subjects who have been recently exposed to Mtb. We recruited a cohort living in the same household with an active tuberculosis (TB) case and examined the abundance and functional phenotypes of 3 innate T cell populations reactive to M. tuberculosis: γδ T, invariant NK T (iNKT), and MAIT cells. Both MAIT and γδ T cells from subjects with Mtb exposure display ex vivo phenotypes consistent with recent activation. However, both MAIT and γδ T cell subsets have distinct response profiles, with CD4+ MAIT and γδ T cells accumulating after infection. Examination of exposed but uninfected contacts demonstrates that resistance to initial infection is accompanied by robust MAIT cell CD25 expression and granzyme B production coupled with a depressed CD69 and IFNγ response. Finally, we demonstrate that MAIT cell abundance and function correlate with the abundance of specific gut microbes, suggesting that responses to initial infection may be modulated by the intestinal microbiome.

publication date

  • October 4, 2018

Research

keywords

  • Immunity, Innate
  • Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
  • Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Tuberculosis

Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC6237486

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 85063244766

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1172/jci.insight.121899

PubMed ID

  • 30282828

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 3

issue

  • 19